This is an edited text which was published in the 11th edition of Jane's World Railways (1968/69 issue).
The American Locomotive Co., ALCO inherited from a predecessor company a heavy 200 lb per hp slow running 120 to 700 rpm diesel engine design. ALCO was the first manufacturer in the U.S. to introduce turbo-supercharging for a diesel engine, which increased its output from 600 to 900 bhp, cutting the power to weight ratio by almost a third. The 12 and 16 cylinder V-type 244 model was introduced in the 1940's. First rated at 1.580 hp at 1.000 rpm, it was developed to give 1.760 hp at the same speed. The V16 model gave 2.360 hp The 251 series with the same bore and stroke superseded these with many improvements in design.
6 cylinder in-line, 12 and 16 cylinder Vee, 4-cycle, high pressure turbo-charged with charge air cooling.
Cylinders: Bore 9 in. (228 mm.). Stroke 10 in. (267 mm.). Swept volume 668 cub. in. per cylinder. Compression ratio 12-5 : 1. Cast iron water cooled heat treated cylinder liners, chrome plated on inner surfaces. Cast iron-nickel alloy cylinder heads.
Pistons: Forged aluminium, with ring grooves machined into a replaceable ring carrier shrunk-fit onto the piston and fusion-welded at the crown. Ni-Resist (nickel-alloy) insert fitted into ring carrier provides groove for top ring. Pistons cooled by pressure-circulated oil, and piston pins arc full-floating type.
Connecting Rods: Drop-forged steel in an ,,H'' beam cross-section. Piston-pin end has pressed steel-backed bronze bushing. Crank-pin bearing is grooveless in the load-carrying area.
Crankskaft: Alloy-steel forging, precision machined and heat-treated for hardness. Fully counter-balanced. Rifle-drilled oil passages through crankshaft.
Crankcase: Fabricated steel.
Valve Gear: Air und exhaust valves are of wear-resistant alloy and are completely interchangeable. Cast iron valve guides are replaceable, and cylinder-head wear is reduced by use of replaceable stellite valve-seat inserts in the head. Two camshafts, one for each bank. located inside engine block, gear driven from crankshaft.
Fuel Injection: Designed for flat fuel-consumption curves. System in high-pressure, with fuel supplied to cylinders by individual single-acting plunger pumps.
Turbocharger: High pressure ratio exhaust gas driven turbo-charger. ALCO designed and built with replaceable blades on the turbine wheel. Water cooled charge air cooler.
Fuel: A.S.T.M. specification 2-D. Other fuels can be used (heavy oils, natural gas, crudes etc.) with suitable standard modifications ot fuel injection equipment and governing apparatus.
Lubrication: Forced feed with one gear driven pump.
Cooling System: Varies with type, locomotive or other installation. One ALCO pump, gear driven from engine.
Starting: Motored main generator.
Mounting: 4 point
|
Model |
B |
D |
E |
C |
E |
B |
C |
E | |
|
No. of cylinders |
6 |
6 |
8 |
12 |
12 |
16 |
16 |
16 | |
|
Horsepower (Gross) |
1.050 |
1.350 |
1.700 |
2.150 |
2.600 |
2.600 |
3.050 |
3.300 | |
|
CV (Gross) |
1.065 |
1.370 |
1.723 |
2.180 |
2.635 |
2.635 |
3.090 |
3.340 | |
|
HP/Cylinder |
175 |
225 |
212,5 |
179,2 |
216,7 |
162,5 |
190,6 |
206,6 | |
|
CV/Cylinder |
177,4 |
227 |
215,4 |
181,7 |
219,6 |
164,8 |
193,2 |
208,8 | |
|
Engine speed |
rpm |
1.025 |
1.100 |
1.000 |
1.025 |
1.050 |
1.000 |
1.050 |
1.100 |
|
Piston speed |
ft/min |
1.795 |
1.925 |
1.750 |
1.795 |
1.838 |
1.750 |
1.838 |
1.925 |
|
(m/sec) |
(9,12) |
(9,78) |
(8,89) |
(9,12) |
(9,34) |
(8,89) |
(9,34) |
(9,78) | |
|
B.m.e.p. |
lb/sq in |
202,5 |
242 |
252 |
207 |
244,6 |
192,5 |
215 |
222 |
|
(kg/cm2) |
(14,24) |
(17,02) |
(17,20) |
(14,56) |
(17,20) |
(13,54) |
(15,12) |
(15,63) | |
|
Swept Vol./Cylinder |
cu in |
668 |
668 |
668 |
668 |
668 |
668 |
668 |
668 |
|
(litres) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) |
(10,95) | |
|
Total Swept Vol. |
cu in |
4.008 |
4.008 |
5.344 |
8.016 |
8.016 |
10.688 |
10.688 |
10.688 |
|
(litres) |
(65,70) |
(65,70) |
(87,59) |
(131,40) |
(131,40) |
(175,20) |
(175,20) |
(175,20) | |
|
Weight (dry) |
lb |
22.100 |
24.500 |
25.670 |
32.300 |
36.800 |
40.800 |
40.800 |
41.750 |
|
(kg) |
(10.025) |
(11.113) |
(11.644) |
(14.651) |
(16.692) |
(18.507) |
(18.507) |
(18.938) | |
|
Compression ratio |
12,5 : 1 |
12,3 : 1 |
11,5 : 1 |
12,5 : 1 |
11,5 : 1 |
12,5 : 1 |
12,5 : 1 |
11,5 : 1 |
Note: The above ratings are based an sea level. 29,92 in Hg (760 mm), 60° F intake temperature (16°C) and fuel of 19.500 BTU/lb higher calorific value (10.850 Cal/kg) meeting ASTM 2-D specification.
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Last update 02.08.99